Self-Aid Buddy Care

SABC NOTES

Courtesy of C/Bartlett and C/Maclean, posted with permission

Casualty Care in a CBRN Contaminated Environment

• perform SABC measures
• inject antidote if nerve agent symptoms are present **be sure to use casualty’s auto-injectors, not yours!
• Report casualty to UCC to not transmit personal information over unsecure net
• Decontaminate casualty and their equipment with M295 or M291 kits
• Transport casualty to CCP unit

Basic Lifesaving Steps

Airway – establish an open airway

Breathing – ensure

Circulation - stop bleeding to support circulation

Disability – prevent further

1. immobilize neck injuries
2. place dressings over open wounds
3. splint obvious limb deformities

Exposure – minimize further to adverse weather

Types of Ailments

Shock

Symptoms

1. confusion
2. sweaty but cool skin
3. breathing is shallow, labored, and rapid
4. weak and rapid pulse

Treatment

• keep airway open
• if unconscious place on side in recovery position and monitor airway
• keep the person calm, warm, and comfortable
• elevate lower extremities
• do not give food or drink

Abdominal Wounds

Treatment

• if organs are outside body gently pick them up and place them on top of the abdomen – Do not replace or push organs into the body cavity
• cover exposed organs with a moist clean dressing
• secure with bandages
• if legs are not fractured, bend knees to relieve pressure

Bleeding

Symptom – obvious external bleeding

Convential Treatment

1. apply direct pressure with hand, use dressing if available
2. elevate the extremity if no fractures are suspected
3. use pressure points iwht elevation to control bleeding
4. tourniquet as a last result to stop bleeding. – use to save life at possible loss of limb
5. consider using QuikClot if available

Care Under Fire

1. return fire as directed or required before providing medical treatment
2. if the casualty can function, direct to return fire, move to cover, and administer self aid
3. if casualty is unable to function and you cannot assist, tell casualty to play dead until enemy fire is suppressed
4. if the casualty has life threatening bleeding from a limb, tourniquet first to the limb or amputation – if bleeding is in a location where a tourniquet cannot be applied (armpit or groin) consider QuikClot in conjunction with direct pressure

How To Apply a Tourniquet

1. Place one inch wide constricting band around arm or leg to stop severe bleeding
2. DO NOT USE WIRE OR SHOE STRING
3. Place band two to four inches above injury if possible
4. Tighten band enough to stop bleeding and no more
5. Once in place, do not loosen or remove
6. Leave Tourniquet area exposed for quick visual reference
7. Mark time and letter “T” on casualties forehead in ink or blood
8. DO NOT REMOVE Tourniquet ONCE APPLIED

Eye Injury

Symptom – obvious pain or injury

Treatment

• do not remove any impaled objects
• dress around the object to secure it
• apply bandage lightly to both eyes
• DO NOT LEAVE CASUALTY UNATTENDED

COMMON INJURIES

Sucking Chest Wound

Symptoms

1. sucking noise from chest
1. frothy red blood
2. difficulty breathing

Treatment

• look for an entry and exit wound
• cover holes with airtight seal (plastic, tin foil, id card)
• tape down all four side of seal
• allow casualty to assume position of easiest breathing, preferably on affected side

Fractures

Symptoms

1. deformity, bruising
2. tenderness over specific part of body
3. swelling or discoloration

Treatment

• DO NOT STRAIGHTEN LIMB
• if in doubt, splint injury where they lie if possible
• splint joints above and below injury
• remove clothing from injured area
• remove rings from fingers if possible
• check pulse below injury away from heart to determine if blood flow is restricted by splint

Spinal/Neck/Head Injury

Symptoms - lack of feeling or control anywhere below neck, drainage of fluid or blood from ear, nose, or mouth

Treatment

• if conscious caution casualty not to move
• continuously monitor and check airway without turning head
• immobilize the head and neck

If casualty must be moved…

• use hard surface for stretcher (door, cut lumber, other)
• use as many people as needed to place casualty on stretcher
• one person must immobilize the head and neck
• be sure casualties limbs are secure at the chest and thigh regions
• turn whole body together as a unit

Combating Heat Illness and Cold Injury

	Dehydration	Heat Exhaustion	Heat Stroke
Key Indicators
Mental State	Conscious may be dizzy	Conscious may be dizzy	Sudden Collapse Unusual behavior Altered state of mind
Body Temperature	Normal	Normal	Hot Elevated
Action	Sit down in shade/cool area Provide water Observe	Sit down in shade/cool area Provide water Observe	Call 911 immediately SABC Cool victim
Other Symptoms	Headache Dry mouth Loss of skin Turgor (remains elevated when pinched)	Weakness Headache Dry mouth Nausea Muscle cramps/spasms	Red Face/Skin Strong rapid pulse Wet or dry skin Most likely sweating in younger individuals

Dehydration

Symptoms

1. Dizzy
2. Headache
3. Dry mouth
4. Loss of skin Turgor (remains elevated when pinched)

Treatment – provide water

Heat Exhaustion

Early Symptoms

1. dizziness/weakness
2. headache
3. dry mouth
4. nausea
5. muscle cramps/spasms
6. profuse sweating
7. loss of salt in the body
8. normal body temperature

Treatment

• remove from work or training
• allow casualty to rest in shade or cool area
• provide sips of water
• if symptoms to do not improve in 15 to 30 minutes, transfer to a medical facility
• if signs or symptoms worsen, call ambulance

Late Signs or Symptoms

1. weak and or rapid pulse
2. confusion, unresponsive, or coma
3. loss of bowel or bladder control
4. convulsions
5. cramps in abdomen or limbs
6. pale face
7. dizziness/faintness/weakness
8. nausea or vomiting
9. profuse sweating or moist cool skin
10. normal body temperature

Treatment

• treat for shock
• lay person down in cool area
• loosen/open clothing
• cool body by sprinkling with cool water or fanning (not to the point of shivering)
• give victim cool water to drink if conscious
• seek medical attention

Heat Stroke

Symptoms

1. headache
2. dizziness
3. red face/skin
4. strong, rapid pulse
5. confusion and disorientation
6. hot dry skin or sweating
7. high body temperature (hot to touch)

Immediate Actions

• call 911/local emergency number or radio for ambulance immediately for transport to the medical treatment area
• during combat, transport victim to CCP via unit assets
• lay person down in shade or cool area with feet elevated until help arrives
• give sips of water if casualty is conscious
• if skin is hot and ry to touch, remove clothing – pour water over person and fan
• if casualty begins to shiver, stop fanning, if shivering stops, resume fanning

Treatment

• lay person in cool area
• loosen/open clothing
• cool body by sprinkling with cool water or fanning
• give cool water to drink if conscious, add two teaspoons of salt to one canteen if available
• seek immediate medical attention
• treat for shock

HEAT INJURIES

Burns

• burns may be from heat (thermal), electrical, chemical, or radiation. Treatment is based on depth, size, and severity (termed degree) of burn
• ALWAYS TREAT FOR SHOCK AND SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE

Thermal / Partial Thickness (First and Second Degree)

Symptoms – skin reddens (sun burn like), painful, blisters

Treatment

• stop the burning process
• apply cool water to affected area
• do not break blisters
• apply clean dressing to affected area

Thermal/Full Thickness (Third Degree)

Symptoms

1. charred or whitish looking skin
2. may burn clear to the bone
3. burn area not painful, but area around burn very painful

Treatment

• stop the burning process
• do not remove clothing adhered to burn area
• cover with or apply clean dressing to affected area

Electrical Burns

• ensure power is off
• look for entry and exit wound
• treat burned area

Chemical Burns

• flush with large amount of water
• flush eyes for at least 20 minutes
• brush off visible contaminants
• keep phosphorous burns covered with a wet dressing to keep air from activating phosphorous
• fingers have a tendency to swell, ensure that rings and jewelry are remove immediately

COLD INJURIES

Hypothermia

Symptoms

1. body is cold under clothing
2. may appear confused
3. may appear dead

Treatment

• move to a warm place
• remove wet clothing
• put on warm clothes or wrap with dry towel
• do not rub body parts
• do not give or consume alcohol

Frostbite

Symptoms

1. skin has a white or waxy appearance
2. skin feels hard to touch

Treatment

• move to warm place
• re-warm affected area with warm water (104 to 108 degrees fareinheit) for fifteen to thirty minutes (not hot water)
• cover with several layers of clothing
• do not rub affected area
• seek medical attention immediately

Alpha Authority

Alpha Authority Flight Cheer

(All together)

A! A little bit louder
L! Listen to us
P! Proud we are
H! Have respect for
A! AUTHORITAY!

Bravo Bombers

Bravo Bombers Flight Cheer
Courtesy of C/Nelson, posted with permission

Leader: We are Bravo Flight
Group: (repeats)
L: Born and raised ready to fight
G: (repeats)
L: We fly low, we fly high
G: (repeats)
L: We drop bombs from the sky
G: (repeats)
L: Bravo Bombers let me hear you
G: (repeats)
L: Say boom
G: BOOM
L: Bravo Bombers get it loud
G: (repeats)
L: Drown out that Alpha crowd
G: (repeats)
L: Say boom
G: Boom
L: One more time, boom
G: BOOM

PT Stretches and Verbiage

               Proper PT Stretching Procedures and Verbiage

Command - response

"Flight, fall in!"  - Flight falls in

"Open ranks, harch!" - First row takes two steps forward, second row takes one step forward, third row stays stationary.  Everyone except cadets on the far left pop up their left arms.  Everyone except the element leader turns their head 45 degrees to the right so you can see the cadet in front of you and the cadet to your right.

"Right up, hun!" - Everyone drops their left arm and comes to attention.

"At double intervals, dress right, hess!" - The flight puts up both arms and people go to double arm spacing.  Note, if there's no one to your right or left, don't put up that arm.  Everyone also bounces on the balls of their feet.

"Right up, hun!" - Everyone drops both their arms and comes to attention.

"Half right, hace!" - Everyone performs a half-right facing movement.

"The first exercise of the day will be toe-touches.  This is a 10 count exercise, we will perform two repetitions.  Position of the exercise - move" - Everyone crosses right foot over left and bends down to touch their toes.

"Ready - begin!" - Everyone continues to touch their toes.  At this point, the flight leader counts 1 through 10.  When they reach 10, the flight counts "1" in unison.

"Switch" - Everyone switches feet.

"Ready - begin!" - Same as before except count "2" after the flight leader reaches 10.  Once the flight says "2", they say "Permission to recover."  At this point, the flight leader comes to attention and says

"Recover!" - *This is said without emphasis on the RE of recover, it should be said in ONE syllable* The flight then comes to attention and responds loudly "Air power!"

"The next exercise of the day will be static knee bend.  This is a 10 count exercise, we will perform two repetitions.  Position of the exercise - move!" - Everyone grabs their right knee to stretch their quad.

"Ready - begin!" - The same procedure as for toe touches follows.  This is the same for all the exercises except for one exception (listed later).

We perform the following stretches in the listed order: Toe touches, static knee bend, calves stretch, sit and reach, and toe-grab stretch.  

** Note: after sit and reach, when the flight asks for permission to recover, the flight leader says "Denied." **

After these basic stretches, there will usually be a 2-3 minute personal stretch.  The verbiage is as follows: 

"The next exercise of the day will be a 3 (or 2) minute personal stretch.  Position of the exercise is at your own discretion.  Position of the exercise - Move.  (Important: Nobody moves.)  Ready - begin!"

With about 10-15 seconds left in the personal stretch, the flight leader will call:

"Standby" - Flight goes to standby.

"Recover" - Flight goes to attention and yells "Air power!"

The flight leader than brings the flight back into formation using the following commands:

"Half-left, hace!" - Everyone turns and faces front

"Close ranks, harch!" - (back row takes two steps forward, middle row takes 1 step, front row takes no step.  Note, front row is closest to flight leader while back row is farthest.)

"Dress right, hess!" (Remember, take little baby steps even if you're far away from the person on your right.)

"Right up, hun!" - Everyone drops their right arm

"Fall out."

Knowledge

Knowledge

LLABs 1-5 Courtesy of C/Wyleczuk-Stern, posted with permission

LLABs 1-5

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Mission is as follows: To fly fight and win in Air, Space, and cyberspace."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Core Values are as follows: Integrity First, Service Before Self, Excellence in all we do."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Honor Code is as follows: We will not lie, steal, or cheat, nor tolerate among us anyone who does."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Vision 2020 (twenty twenty) is as follows: Lasting Heritage... Limitless Horizons: A Warfighter's Vision."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the vision of the 520th (pronounced five hundred and twentieth) Air Force Reserve Officer's Training Corps (pronounced core) cadet wing is as follows: Becoming the cadet wing by which all others are measured."

"Cadet Cadet Name, The mission of the 520th Air Force Reserve Officer's Training Corps cadet wing is as follows: To recruit, educate, and develop cadets in a high-quality training environment, and commission the best warrior leaders for the United States Air Force."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Reserve Officers' Training Corps Mission is as follows: To develop quality leaders for the Air Force."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the seven basic responses are as follows: Yes, sir. No, sir. No excuse, sir. Sir, I do not know. Sir, I do not understand. Sir, may I ask a question? Sir, may I make a statement?"

*Note: For the purpose of recitation we will use "Sir" in all cases, unless you are actually asked to recite it by a female cadet. In that case, you must use "Ma'am".


If you're asked the cadets of a particular flight, you should respond as follows (I'll give an example to make it clear):

"Cadet Mercier, the cadets in the Recruiting and Retention Flight are as follows: Cadet Captain Markello. Cadet Third Class Walker. Cadet Third Class Powers."

If you're asked to recite the order of the cadet ranks, you'll reply as follows:

"Cadet, Cadet Name, the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps cadet ranks are as follows: Cadet 4th Class, Cadet 3rd Class, Cadet 2nd Lieutenant, Cadet 1st Lieutenant, Cadet Captain, Cadet Major, Cadet Lieutenant Colonel, Cadet Colonel."

When reciting a cadet's position, one should say the following: "Cadet Cadet Name, the Wing Commander is Cadet Colonel Jennifer L. Jayne." When reciting multiple positions (e.g. the full chain of command) one should say: "Cadet Cadet Name, The fall 09 (oh nine) 520th (five hundred and twentieth) cadet wing chain of command is as follows: Brigade Commander Cadet Colonel Olivia J. Lawson. Wing Commander Cadet Colonel Jennifer L. Jayne. Vice Wing Commander Cadet Lieutenant Colonel Kyle R. Finnigan, etc."

The order we should say them is as follows:

FALL 09 520^th Cadet Wing Chain of Command

BRIGADE COMMANDER

C/Col. Olivia J. Lawson

WING COMMANDER (CW/CC)

C/Col. Jennifer L. Jayne

VICE WING COMMANDER (CW/VC)

C/Lt. Col. Kyle R. Finnegan

INSPECTOR GENERAL (CW/IG)

C/Maj. Benjamin T. Polins

WING GROUP COMMANDER (CW/GC)

C/Maj. Thomas W. Gill Jr.

ALPHA FLIGHT COMMANDER (AFlt/CC)

C/1Lt Ravi Surdhar

BRAVO FLIGHT COMMANDER (BFlt/CC

C/1Lt Nick R. Mercier

FUNCTIONAL FLIGHT COMMANDERS:

OPERATIONS FLIGHT COMMANDER (OPS/CC)

C/Capt. Joshua M. Peterson

RECRUITING/RETENTION FLIGHT COMMANDER (RR/CC)

C/Capt. Alexandra D. Markello

LLAB's 6-13

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Officer ranks are as follows: Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, Captain, Major, Lieutenant Colonel, Colonel, Brigadier General, Major General, Lieutenant General, General"

*Note: You may have to say "General of the Air Force" as the last officer rank, but not always.

And a helpful acronym for remembering General ranks: Be My Little General

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Enlisted ranks are as follows: Airman Basic, Airman, Airman First Class, Senior Airman, Staff Sergeant, Technical Sergeant, Master Sergeant, Senior Master Sergeant, Chief Master Sergeant, Command Chief Master Sergeant, Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force"

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Lower (or Upper) Chain of Command is as follows: Commander AETC General Stephen R. Lorenz, Commander Air University Lieutenant General Allen G. Peck..."

Lower Chain of Command:

Commander, AETC

General Stephen R. Lorenz

Commander, Air University

Lt. Gen. Allen G. Peck

Commander, Holm Center

Brig. Gen. Teresa A.H. Djuric

Commander, AFROTC

Colonel John M. McCain

Northeast Region Commander

Colonel Bruce T. Hellen

Commander, 520th Cadet Wing AFROTC Professor of Aerospace Studies (PAS)

Lt. Col. Michael D. Williamson

Commandant of Cadets

Captain C. Philip Ulmer

Upper Chain of Command:

Commander-In-Chief

President Barack H. Obama

Secretary of Defense

The Honorable Robert M. Gates

Secretary of the Air Force

The Honorable Michael B. Donley

Air Force Chief of Staff

Gen. Norton A. Schwartz

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Core Competencies are as follows: Developing Airmen, Technology to Warfighting, Integrating Operations"

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Three Levels of Warfare are as follows:

Strategic, the level of war at which a nation or group of nations determines national or alliance security objectives and develops and uses national resources to accomplish those objectives,

Operational, the level of war at which campaigns and major operations are planned, conducted and sustained to accomplish strategic objectives within theaters or areas of operation, and

Tactical, the level at which battles and engagements are planned and executed to accomplish military objectives assigned to tactical units or task forces."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Tenets of Aerospace Power are as follows: Centralized control/decentralized execution, Flexibility/Versatility, Priority, Synergy, Balance, Concentration, Persistence."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Principles of War are as follows: Objective, Offensive, Mass, Economy of Force, Maneuver, Unity of Command, Security, Surprise, Simplicity."

"Cadet Cadet Name, the Air Force Phonetic Alphabet is as follows: A Alpha, B Bravo, C Charlie, D Delta, E Echo, F Foxtrot, G Golf, H Hotel, I India, J Juliet, K Kilo, L Lima, M Mike, N November, O Oscar, P Papa, Q Quebec, R Romeo, S Sierra, T Tango, U Uniform, V Victor, W Whiskey, X Xray, Y Yankee, Z Zulu."

How to write informal emails

How to write an informal email on the listserve

Courtesy of C/Cox, posted with permission

AS100's,

Alright, so an informal email has very few requirements. There is no need for the activity, suspsense, fyi, or policy subjects. Those are strictly for formal emails. That includes the //SIGNED// stuff. Now, for the most part you use this format when sending an email out to a very small amount of people and doesn't meet any of the suspsense or fyi etc. requirements. You start the email by stating who your writing too and end by " C/(Your name) " and that's it. Nothing special. If you are unsure on what format to use when sending an email, especially if it is going to any POC members, make sure it is in formal email format.

Usually for something like this I would make it a formal email because it would fit for an "FYI" but I figured it would be better to explain an informal email in itself while writing one. So I hope this helps and everyone has a great week!


v/r

C/Cox

How to write formal emails

How to write a formal email on the listserve

Courtesy of C/Cox, posted with permission

WHO: AS100's
DATE: n/a
TIME: n/a
PLACE: n/a

DESCRIPTION:

1. Good evening cadets! As promised, this is going to be an email to basically teach you all on "How to write emails". As you probably already know, the main means of communication throughout the Wing is through email. And in reality, during Active Duty you can expect the amount of emails to double or triple depending on your job than compared to in ROTC. So to make it simpler and more organized, I will start explaining on how to write a formal email like this one. Next I will send out a less formal email which you would send to about 1-5 cadets for a quick reminder or message for something.

2. So first, I'll start with the Subject of the email. In a formal email like this, there are four different words that can be used before the colon. "SUSPSENSE" (For deadlines), "ACTIVITY" (Such as a Tri-Service event or a military ball.),"FYI"(for an informative email such as this one.), and "POLICY" (For example, if we had to knock on the door before coming into the NCO office or something to that nature.) Take note how these are all in caps and should be in the Subject line. After the colon you then put whatever it is your main topic of the email is going to be about.

3. Next comes the WHO,DATE,TIME, and PLACE. This is a great way to standardize emails so that a commander can look at something very quickly and know who the email is for, when and where it is, etc. Also take note that these are in caps also with a space before you actually type the date, time, and place.

4. Following that should be one space followed by "DESCRIPTION" which will lead into the body of the email. As you can already guess, this is where you actually explain what the email is about in detail. Sometimes if you don't have a set date for an activity, it is customary to put "See below" in the "DATE" section and explain the date in the body of the email. it is very good mannered and customary to begin with a good welcoming greeting. In the body of the email, you must number your paragraphs like I have done in this one and separate them by one space. When you are finished with what you have to say in the body of the email, make one extra paragraph stating "If you have any questions, contact me at (insert contact info here).

5. Now here comes the part where 70% of all mistakes come from when sending out emails, the signature block. Starting from the last paragraph in the body of your email, there should be 3 spaces until you start your signature. The format it should be in is like this://SIGNED//First Name, MI, Last Name, Rank, AFROTCThen you put your Wing position, or flight job. (Such as Flight Safety Officer or Standardization Officer etc.)

6. One thing I believe anyone cannot stress enough is to double check your email after you are ready to send it. Once you click the "send" button. You can't get it back. For example, I still make mistakes in emails sometimes. This might seem like a lot of things to remember but after a few emails it becomes second nature. Taking a look at how the POC send out their emails is what I always use as a guideline to make sure everything I have is correct. They've been doing it longer than us GMC, and VERY rarely make any mistakes. I hope you all enjoyed LLAB1 and are ready for even more exciting LLAB's in the future!

7. If you have any questions, feel free to call me at (#) or email.


//SIGNED//
NICHOLAS J.F. COX, C/3C, AFROTC
Joint Service Representative